What is vegetative propagation? Describe two artificial methods of it, and give two benefits of these methods to farmers.

1. 1 · Define in one line. Vegetative propagation is growing new plants from a root, stem or leaf of a parent plant, without seeds.
2. 2 · Give natural examples. Sweet potato (roots), potato and ginger (stems), Bryophyllum (leaves).
3. 3 · Describe two artificial methods.
   • Cutting: a piece of branch planted in soil forms roots, as in the rose.
   • Grafting: a scion is joined to a rooted stock, as in the mango.
4. 4 · Give the benefits. Many plants of a chosen kind are raised quickly, and they keep the parent's qualities.
5. 5 · Link to daily life. Nurseries sell grafted mango saplings that fruit sooner than seedlings.
6. 6 · Close in one line. So vegetative propagation is a quick, sure way to copy a good plant.

Scoring tip: Give an example plant for every method you name.