haya.Learning made clear
Rights, duties and what makes a right fundamental sheet
3-mark answer frame

What are fundamental rights? Why are they called fundamental? Name any four of them.

How to lay out the answer. Follow the frame, then write it in your own words.

  1. 1 · Define. Fundamental rights are the most important rights, recognised by the State and written in Part III of the Constitution.
  2. 2 · First reason. They are guaranteed by the Constitution itself, so an ordinary law cannot take them away.
  3. 3 · Second reason. They are justiciable: a person can go to a court if they are violated, and the court can strike down a law against them.
  4. 4 · Name four. Right to equality, right to freedom, right against exploitation, right to freedom of religion (also cultural and educational rights, and the right to constitutional remedies).
  5. 5 · Real-life example. A person stopped from using a public well because of caste can seek the court's help.
  6. 6 · Close in one line. So fundamental rights protect the dignity and freedom of every citizen in a democracy.

Scoring tip: Write 'Part III' and 'justiciable' in your first two lines; examiners look for both.