Describe the working and living conditions of factory workers during the Industrial Revolution, and how they began to improve.

How to lay out the answer. Follow the frame, then write it in your own words.

1 · Open with the change. The Industrial Revolution created a large class of factory workers whose lives were hard.
2 · Move to towns. Workers crowded into towns near factories, with poor housing, hygiene and health.
3 · Working conditions. Days of 12 to 14 hours on low wages, in dark, damp and noisy factories.
4 · Women and children. They were paid even less; children worked in mines because of their small size.
5 · Reform. Workers formed trade unions, and new laws slowly improved their conditions.
6 · Real life. India's laws against child labour and its Right to Education Act grew from the same concern.
7 · Close in one line. Production rose, but at a heavy human cost to workers.

Scoring tip: Give a number: '12 to 14 hours a day' shows the examiner you know the facts.