Classify foods by potassium content, demonstrate leaching, and plan a day's menu within 2000 mg potassium for a patient with CKD.

1. 1 · Aim. To classify foods by potassium, demonstrate leaching and plan a potassium-restricted menu for Mrs. K.
2. 2 · Principles.
   • Failing kidneys retain potassium; hyperkalaemia affects the heart
   • Limit about 2000 mg (51 mEq), adjusted to blood results
   • Exchange list: low, medium, high potassium per portion
   • Leaching lowers vegetable potassium; avoid salt substitutes
3. 3 · Nutrient prescription. IBW = 54 kg; energy about 1600 kcal; protein about 32 g; potassium 2000 mg = 51 mEq.
4. 4 · Potassium exchange list. [Table: food group | low | medium | high potassium examples]
5. 5 · Leaching method.
   • Peel and cut small
   • Rinse
   • Soak at least 2 hours in about 10 volumes of warm water
   • Boil in fresh water and discard it
   • Cook as usual
6. 6 · Sample menu with potassium. [Table: Time | Menu | Potassium (mg)]
7. 7 · Calculation. Total 1341 mg ÷ 39 = 34 mEq, within 51 mEq; careless swaps (banana, coconut water, no leaching) would give about 2051 mg.
8. 8 · Result. The menu stays within the potassium limit and meets Mrs. K's energy and protein needs.

Scoring tip: Write the conversion (mg ÷ 39 = mEq) and draw the low-medium-high table neatly; both are quick marks.