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TQM and ISO standards (ISO 9001, ISO 22000) sheet
10-mark answer frame

Explain TQM and the ISO standards used in the food industry.

How to lay out the answer. Follow the frame, then write it in your own words.

  1. 1 · Open in two lines. TQM is a way of managing in which everyone works for quality. ISO standards give an audited framework for quality (ISO 9001) and food safety (ISO 22000).
  2. 2 · TQM and its pioneers. Define; Deming, Juran, Crosby, Ishikawa, Feigenbaum in one line each.
  3. 3 · Principles of TQM.
    • Customer focus.
    • Total employee involvement.
    • Process approach.
    • Continual improvement (Kaizen).
    • Fact-based decisions.
    • Leadership and supplier partnership.
  4. 4 · Draw the PDCA cycle. [Cycle: Plan → Do → Check → Act → back to Plan, with 'continual improvement' in the centre]
  5. 5 · ISO 9001 and ISO 22000. Scope, focus and key elements in a two-column table; FSSC 22000 in one line; steps to certification.
  6. 6 · Kitchen link. Hospital food services and flight kitchens with ISO 22000; dietitians in quality circles.
  7. 7 · Benefits. Consistent quality, fewer complaints, export access, clear responsibilities, better records.
  8. 8 · Close in one line. TQM is the culture; ISO is the written, audited system that supports it.

Scoring tip: Draw the PDCA cycle and a two-column ISO 9001 vs ISO 22000 table. Write the ISO numbers exactly.