Discuss recent developments in computer technology and future trends, with business examples.

1. 1 · Open in two lines. Computing is moving from computers owned by each firm to services rented over the internet and used on mobile devices.
2. 2 · Cloud computing.
   • SaaS: ready software, e.g. Microsoft 365.
   • PaaS: platforms to build apps.
   • IaaS: rented servers and storage.
   • Public, private and hybrid clouds.
3. 3 · Cloud storage: benefits and risks. Pay as you use, scalable, access anywhere, automatic backups; but needs internet, raises security and privacy concerns, and creates provider dependence.
4. 4 · Mobile computing. Smartphones and tablets on Wi-Fi and 4G/5G support mobile banking, payments, ride-hailing and field sales.
5. 5 · Artificial intelligence. Chatbots for customer service, fraud detection and demand forecasting.
6. 6 · IoT, big data and blockchain. Sensors that report automatically; analysis of huge data sets; tamper-resistant shared ledgers.
7. 7 · Sri Lankan business example. Firms use cloud email and office software; customers use PickMe and pay with eZ Cash or LankaQR.
8. 8 · Close in one line. These trends cut costs and create new services, but demand new skills and stronger security.

Scoring tip: Give each trend one clear business use; avoid long technical detail.