What are the major internal threats to peace and security in India? What strategies has the government used to deal with them?
How to lay out the answer. Follow the frame, then write it in your own words.
1 · Open in one line. Besides ordinary law and order problems, India faces three serious internal threats: terrorism, insurgency and the Naxalite movement.
2 · Terrorism. Criminal violence against civilians to spread fear for political aims, such as the 26/11 Mumbai attack (2008); it is never justifiable.
3 · Insurgency. Armed rebellion against the government, with political or socio-economic aims, as in Jammu and Kashmir, Assam and other North-Eastern states.
4 · Naxalite movement. It began at Naxalbari, West Bengal, in 1967, and is rooted in the deprivation of tribal and Dalit communities.
5 · Strategy against terrorism and insurgency. International cooperation, diplomacy, and treaties with Myanmar and Bangladesh to stop support reaching insurgents.
6 · Strategy against Naxalism. Once seen only as law and order, it is now met with faster development and bringing youth into the mainstream.
7 · Close in one line. Firm action must go hand in hand with justice and development.
Scoring tip: Give one example or date for each threat (26/11, Naxalbari 1967) and one strategy for each. That earns the full six marks.
