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Classification and identification of textile fibres sheet
10-mark answer frame

Classify textile fibres with suitable examples.

How to lay out the answer. Follow the frame, then write it in your own words.

  1. 1 · Open in two lines. A textile fibre is a fine, flexible, hair-like unit, much longer than it is wide, that can be spun into yarn. Fibres are classified by origin and chemical nature.
  2. 2 · Draw a classification chart. [Chart: Textile fibres → Natural (cellulosic, protein, mineral) and Man-made (regenerated, synthetic, inorganic), with two examples under each]
  3. 3 · Natural fibres.
    • Cellulosic: seed (cotton, kapok), bast (flax, jute, hemp, ramie), leaf (sisal), fruit (coir).
    • Protein: wool and hair (sheep, pashmina goat, mohair); silk (mulberry, tasar, eri, muga).
    • Mineral: asbestos, no longer used for health reasons.
  4. 4 · Man-made fibres.
    • Regenerated cellulose: viscose rayon, cupro, modal, lyocell; modified cellulose: acetate, triacetate.
    • Regenerated protein: casein, soya.
    • Synthetic: nylon, polyester, acrylic, polypropylene, spandex.
    • Inorganic: glass, metallic (zari), carbon.
  5. 5 · Staple and filament. Staple fibres are short (cotton, wool); filaments are continuous (silk, nylon). Man-made filaments can be cut into staple.
  6. 6 · Daily-life link. The group predicts care: cellulose takes hot water and a hot iron, protein needs mild soap, and synthetics melt under a hot iron.
  7. 7 · Close in one line. Knowing a fibre's class tells you its properties, care and best end use.

Scoring tip: The chart earns marks on its own. Put one Indian example in each group: khadi cotton, Bhagalpur tussar, Assam muga, Kashmiri pashmina.