Explain the communication process. Discuss the barriers to effective communication and ways of overcoming them.

1. 1 · Define. Communication is the transfer and understanding of meaning; it serves control, motivation, emotional expression and information.
2. 2 · Draw the process. [Cycle: sender → encoding → message and channel → decoding → receiver → feedback → sender, with noise around it]
3. 3 · Explain the elements. Sender, encoding, message, channel, decoding, receiver and feedback; noise can distort any stage.
4. 4 · Barriers.
   • Filtering
   • Selective perception
   • Information overload
   • Emotions
   • Defensiveness
   • Language
   • National culture
5. 5 · Overcoming barriers.
   • Use feedback
   • Simplify language
   • Listen actively
   • Constrain emotions
   • Watch nonverbal cues
6. 6 · In Sri Lankan business. Notices issued in Sinhala, Tamil and English, then explained face to face by supervisors.
7. 7 · Close. Good communication links all the management functions; without it, plans and leadership fail.

Scoring tip: Draw the process first. Then pair each barrier with its remedy in a two-column table.