Intranets and extranets
An intranet is a private, internet-style network for staff only; an extranet opens part of it to trusted outsiders such as suppliers and dealers.
Internet vs intranet vs extranet
| Point | Internet | Intranet | Extranet |
|---|---|---|---|
| Who can use it | Anyone | Employees only | Employees and selected partners |
| Owner | No single owner | The organisation | The organisation |
| Security | Public | Behind a firewall, with login | Login, firewall, often a VPN |
| Typical use | Public website, email | HR forms, policies, notices, staff directory | Supplier orders, dealer prices, customer order tracking |
Uses of an intranet
- Company news and notices.
- HR forms: leave, claims, payslips.
- Policies, manuals and procedures.
- Staff directory.
- Shared documents and team workspaces.
- Training materials.
Uses of an extranet
- Suppliers see stock levels and receive orders.
- Dealers place orders and check prices.
- Customers track their orders and shipments.
- Partners share project documents.
Benefits and risks
VPN
A virtual private network (VPN) creates an encrypted 'tunnel' over the public internet, so staff working from home, or a partner in another office, can reach the intranet safely.
A Sri Lankan apparel exporter could run an intranet for staff notices and leave forms, and an extranet where overseas buyers log in to track their orders and suppliers see fabric requirements.
Short answer: “What is an extranet?” A private network built on internet technology that lets selected outsiders, such as suppliers or dealers, reach part of an organisation's intranet.
Structured question: “Distinguish between the internet, an intranet and an extranet, with examples.” Internet: public, anyone. Intranet: private, staff only (HR forms). Extranet: staff plus approved partners (supplier ordering). Compare access and security.
Inter = everyone. Intra = inside. Extra = inside + invited outsiders.